Imfazwe emnyama ejikeleze ishishini le-semiconductor iqhubekile ukususela kulo nyaka.Kanye ekupheleni kukaNovemba, amazwe e-EU avumile ukwaba ngaphezulu kwe-40 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro ukuphucula amandla emveliso ye-semiconductor ye-EU.Isicwangciso se-EU kukunyusa isabelo semveliso yetshiphu yehlabathi ukusuka kwi-10% yangoku ukuya kuma-20% ngo-2030.
Akukho nto ngamahlonyana, xa sele elawula kwintsimi ye-semiconductor yesekethe edibeneyo yaseJapan nayo ingabi nesithukuthezi, kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, iToyota, iDenso, i-Sony, i-Nippon Telegraph kunye ne-Telephone Corporation (NTT), iJapan Electric (NEC), iSoftbank, i-Armor Man, Mitsubishi UFJ Bank ngokudibeneyo ukuseka inkqubo chip inkampani Rapidus, iceba ukuphumeza imveliso yobunzima chips ngaphantsi kwe-2 nanometers ngo-2027. Njengoko i-chip yokuqala enkulu edibeneyo yesekethe semiconductor chip, eUnited States kwi-chip iteknoloji yolawulo lwamanqaku aphezulu alupheli, lusayinwe kwi-chip. Ngo-Agasti kulo nyaka ukuphumeza "uMthetho weChip kunye neSayensi", iya kuba yinkxaso-mali enkulu ekubunjweni kwehlabathi jikelele kwi-high-end ehlanganisiweyo yesekethe ye-semiconductor chip industry chain siphon effect, okwangoku, i-Samsung, i-TSMC ikhethe ukwakha iifektri e-United States. , ikakhulu ijolise kwiteknoloji ye-chip engaphantsi kwe-5 nanometers.
Ukhuphiswano lweChip lwehlabathi jikelele lwaphinda lwaqalisa, iChina ayinakuba ngumbukeli nje.Inyani yeyokuba, kwelinye icala, ishishini le-semiconductor laseTshayina licinezelwa kakhulu ngabakhuphisana nabo, kodwa likwaqaqambisa ngakumbi ukubaluleka kolawulo oluzimeleyo lwekhonkco lonikezelo lwesemiconductor.Inani leefemu ze-brokerage zamandla zathi zinethemba eliqinileyo malunga nethemba lophuhliso lokutshintshwa kwe-semiconductor yendawo kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, ebonisa ukuba abatyali-mali bagxininise kwiindawo eziphambili ezifana nezixhobo, izixhobo kunye nokupakishwa kunye nokuvavanya kwindlela yendawo yokuhlala.
Izixhobo ezinyukayo: inkqubo yendawo ikhawuleza
Kuphuhliso olukhawulezayo lweshishini le-semiconductor yasekhaya kunye ne-double drive yemigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, abenzi bezixhobo ze-semiconductor zasekhaya kwelinye icala, baqhubeke nokwandisa iindidi zemveliso, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe baphule ukuzimela kwabavelisi bangaphandle;kwelinye icala, ngokuthe ngcembe uphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ungene kwimarike ephezulu.Nangona izixhobo ze-semiconductor ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yendawo, kodwa ukutshintshwa kwasekhaya kusekwinqanaba lokuqala, kulindeleke ukuba kuwele umjikelo weshishini.
Umhlalutyi we-Pacific Securities Liu Guoqing wabonisa ukuba, ngokohlobo lwezixhobo, nangona izixhobo zokuzibophelela ziye zafumana indawo yokuhlala, kodwa kwi-CMP, i-PVD, i-etching, unyango lobushushu kunye neminye imiba yezinga lokuhlala liphantsi, ngelixa kwi-photolithography. , izixhobo zokuphuhlisa i-coating kule nqanaba kuphela ukuphumeza ukuphumelela ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya ku-1. Ngoko ke, xa lilonke, izinga lendawo yokuhlala isenayo indawo yokuphucula, ngakumbi e-United States ngokusebenzisa "uMthetho weChip kunye neSayensi" kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wasekhaya. inqanaba lokunyusa utyalo-mali kwintsimi ye-semiconductor, sikholelwa ukuba kumxholo othi "ulwandiso olusezantsi + lokutshintshwa kwasekhaya", abavelisi bezixhobo zasekhaya kulindeleke ukuba bakhawuleze ukuya phezulu.
Ukusuka kwimbono yezinto ezisisiseko kwiinkampani ezidweliswe kwizixhobo zasekhaya ze-semiconductor, ukusebenza kwekota ezintathu zokuqala ze-2022 kushishino lwezixhobo ze-semiconductor zaqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza, ukukhula kwengeniso yoshishino iyonke ye-65% unyaka nonyaka;ukongeza, ingeniso yeshishini nayo iyaqhubeka iphucuka.Iikota ezintathu zokuqala zomyinge wenzuzo exhuzulwayo kushishino lwezixhobo zesemiconductor eyi-19.0%, ngo-2017 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku unyaka nonyaka ukunyuka kubalulekile;kwangaxeshanye, izixhobo zasekhaya semiconductor ezidweliswe iinkampani oda ngokubanzi ukukhula eliphezulu.
Ukungenisa endaweni yezixhobo ze-semiconductor ngowona mxholo uphambili.U-Yang Shaohui, umhlalutyi kwi-Everbright Securities, ucebisa abatyali-mali ukuba banikele ingqalelo kubavelisi bezixhobo ze-semiconductor SMIC, Shengmei Shanghai, North Huachuang, Core Source Micro, Tuojing Technology, Huahai Qingke, Wanye Enterprise, Precision Measurement Electronics, Tianjun Technology, Huaxing Yudoman , iDelonghi Laser, kunye neTekhnoloji yeLightforce.
Izixhobo zeMidstream: ukungena kwixesha lophuhliso lwegolide
Kwimathiriyeli ye-semiconductor, nangona umthetho oyilwayo we-chip wase-US uqinise izithintelo kwiindawo zenkqubo ephucukileyo yaseTshayina, kodwa iTshayina yenze inkqubela phambili ebaluleke ngakumbi kwicandelo lemathiriyeli enxulumene nenkqubo ye-semiconductor, iinkampani zemathiriyeli ye-semiconductor kulindeleke ukuba zenze ingxelo entle emva kokufumana okuqhubekayo. imiyalelo, exhomekeke ekungeneni kwemali eyinkunzi ezinzileyo ukukhuthaza ukwandiswa kwezinto ezikhoyo ze-semiconductor umthamo wemveliso kunye nesizukulwana esitsha semathiriyeli ye-semiconductor Uphuhliso lwemveliso.
Umhlalutyi we-Guangda Securities u-Zhao Naidi wabonisa ukuba kwindlela yokudityaniswa kwehlabathi, ukungeniswa kwaloo mithetho okanye imigaqo-nkqubo e-United States ayinagalelo ekuqhubeleni phambili ukubambisana kwehlabathi, kodwa kunoko kukhawulezisa ukuphuhliswa kokuqhekeka kwamashishini anxulumeneyo.Kufuneka kwakhona sikhawulezise ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweTshayina kwezinye iindawo eziphambili kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lehlabathi.
Okwangoku, izinga lokwenziwa kwemathiriyeli ye-semiconductor yasekhaya malunga ne-10%, ixhomekeke kakhulu ekuthengisweni kwempahla kumazwe angaphandle.Okwangoku, i-China yenza iinzame ezinkulu zokuxhasa ukwenziwa kwendawo kwishishini lentamo yekhadi, kwaye abavelisi bethu bemathiriyeli ye-semiconductor baye bakhawulezisa inkqubela phambili yokutshintshwa kwendawo.Kwintsimi yeesekethe ezidibeneyo, ukukhawuleziswa kokutshintshwa kwendawo, ukuphuculwa kweteknoloji yoshishino kunye nenkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe wezoshishino kunye nenkxaso eninzi efanelekileyo, iinkampani zasekhaya ze-semiconductor zilindeleke ukuba zingenise ixesha lophuhliso lwegolide, ikhonkco loshishino lwamashishini akumgangatho ophezulu. kulindeleke ukuba ikhokele ekungeneni.
Iilaphu ezitsha zokwakhiwa kwe-wafer ziya kuba yeyona ndawo iphambili yedabi lezixhobo zasekhaya ze-semiconductor ukwandisa isabelo sabo.Umhlalutyi wezokhuseleko u-Hu Yang ubonise ukuba ixesha elitsha langoku lokuvelisa i-fab yaqala ngo-2022-2024, egweba ukuba ixesha lefestile yegolide liza kuqhubeka iminyaka eyi-2-3, ngelo xesha elona xesha lilungileyo lokuba amashishini atshintshe izixhobo ze-semiconductor ekhaya. .Kucetyiswa ukuba abatyali-mali bagxininise kwi-Jingrui Electric Material, i-Powerful New Material, i-Nanda Optoelectronics, i-Jacques Technology, i-Jianghua Micro, i-Juhua, i-Haohua Technology, i-Huatech Gas, i-Shanghai Xinyang, njl.
Ukupakishwa okusezantsi kunye nokuvavanya: isabelo semarike siyaqhubeka sikhula
Ukupakishwa kwe-IC kunye novavanyo lubekwe kwindawo esezantsi ye-chain chain chain, enokuthi ihlulwe ibe ngamacandelo amabini: ukupakisha kunye nokuvavanya.Phantsi kwendlela yophuhliso lobungcali kunye nokwahlulwa kwabasebenzi kwishishini le-IC, ukupakishwa okuninzi kwe-IC kunye nemiyalelo yokuvavanya kuya kuphuma kubenzi bemveli be-IDM, elungele ukupakisha kunye nokuvavanya amashishini.
Eminye imithombo yoshishino ichaza ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abavelisi basekhaya baye baqokelela ngokukhawuleza itekhnoloji yokupakisha ephezulu ngokudityaniswa kunye nokufunyanwa, kwaye iqonga letekhnoloji liye ladityaniswa ngokusisiseko kunye nabavelisi baphesheya kweelwandle, kwaye umyinge wokupakishwa okuphambili waseTshayina emhlabeni ngokuthe ngcembe ukhula.Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yemigaqo-nkqubo yasekhaya exhasa ngenkuthalo ukupakishwa okuphambili, isantya sophuhliso lopakisho oluphambili lwasekhaya kulindeleke ukuba lukhawulezise kwixesha elizayo.Kwangaxeshanye, phantsi kwemvelaphi yengxabano yorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina kunye ne-US, imfuno yokutshintshwa kwasekhaya yomelele, isabelo seenkokeli zokupakisha zasekhaya siya kwanda, kwaye abavelisi bokupakisha basekhaya basenomvuzo omkhulu.
Ngokukhuthazwa kokutshintshwa kweshishini le-semiconductor, inzuzo yeendleko zabasebenzi kunye nokukhethwa kwerhafu, umthamo wokupakisha we-IC wehlabathi ngokuthe ngcembe utshintshela kummandla we-Asia Pacific kwaye ishishini ligcina ukukhula okuzinzileyo.Ngokwedatha yamaziko anxulumeneyo, inqanaba lokukhula elihlanganisiweyo kwimakethi yokupakisha yaseTshayina iphezulu kakhulu kuneyehlabathi ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10;uchatshazelwa ngubhubhane, uninzi lwamakhonkco obonelelo lwe-semiconductors yehlabathi luyaqhubeka luqina okanye luphazamiseke ngexesha lo bhubhani, kwaye unikezelo luqhubeka luqina okanye luphazamiseke ngexesha lo bhubhani, lugqithisene nemfuno eyomeleleyo yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ezantsi, i-AioT kunye ne-AR / VR. , njl., ezininzi iisemiconductor foundries zinomthamo ophezulu wokusetyenziswa.Ngokusekwe kusetyenziso oluluqilima lomthamo kunye nokuqhubekayo okulindelweyo kwimfuno ephezulu kwimeko yobhubhane, inkcitho eyinkunzi yabenzi be-semiconductor behlabathi kulindeleke ukuba ihlale yomelele kwaye abavelisi bokupakisha abasezantsi kulindeleke ukuba baxhamle ngokupheleleyo.
Umhlalutyi we-Dongguan Securities uLiu Menglin ubonise ukuba i-China inokhuphiswano olomeleleyo lwasekhaya ekupakisheni nasekuvavanyeni, kwaye inethemba malunga nokuphuculwa kwenzuzo okuziswa kuphuhliso oluqhubekayo lokupakishwa okuphambili kwishishini phantsi kwemvelaphi ye-boom ephezulu kwixesha elide.Kunconywa ukuba ubeke ingqalelo kwiTekhnoloji yeChangdian, iTekhnoloji yeHuatian, iTongfu Microelectronics, iJingfang Technology kunye namanye amashishini anxulumeneyo.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-17-2022